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Brahma marriage - The Brahma marriage is the marriage of one's daughter to a man of good conduct learned in the Vedas, and invited by oneself. A Brahma marriage is where a boy is able to get married once he has completed his student hood, or Brahmacharya. Brahma marriage has the most supreme position of the eight types of Hindu matrimony.
When the parents of the boy seek for a female, they would consider her family background, but the girl's father would make sure that the boy that wishes to wed his daughter had the knowledge of Vedas. It is these things that make the basis for Brahma marriage, not a system of dowry.
Brahma marriage is regarded as the purest form of marriage in Hindu religion. As per the traditions of this marriage, the father gives his daughter to a man of learning and good character. The daughter is richly dressed and adorned with ornaments and is offered as a kind of gift, also referred as 'danam' to a man having good character and high learning, also known as 'srutisilavan'. It is considered to be the most honourable type of marriage according to the Smritis. The existence of Brahma marriage can be traced back to the Vedic era.
Bridegroom, his father and family, on the basis of proposal received from bride's father or family, checks the compatibility of bride and her family with their own family, traditions, value systems, etc. and decides to proceed with the relationship or otherwise. In the ancient age groom's birth, conduct, character, learning, knowledge of Vedas, etc., was an essential constituents of inquiry by Bride's father but nowadays educational and professional qualification, social status have become more important.
The Brahma marriage is most common type of arranged marriage nowadays, wherein father of girl (bride) marries her to a man (groom) of good conduct. Bride's father make selection of bridegroom and invite him for marriage through formal means by sending a messenger or through personal meeting and followed by rituals depending on religious traditions.
A Brahma marriage is a type of Indian marriage where a boy is able to get married once he has completed his student hood, or Brahmacharya. Brahma marriage has the most supreme position of the eight types of marriages. In ancient days, there prevailed gurukul system, where the boy goes to live with his guru to acquire knowledge and expertise. This stage is Brahmacharya or student-hood for the boy and he would be eligible to get married only once he completes his studies.
Once the boy is ready to get married after acquiring all the expertise required his parents would approach the family of a matching and eligible girl. The father of the girl also carefully chooses the bridegroom who is well versed in Vedas and of a noble character. This is how a Brahma marriage is arranged.
The girl's family did not have to give any dowry to the boy's family. There was the ritual of kanyadaan which symbolizes that the father gifts his daughter to the boy. In this system of marriage no commercial transaction is done. Among the eight types, this is regarded as the highest type of marriage by the dharmashastras.
This marriage is performed even before the girl has attained her puberty. The mantras are chanted while performing the marriage, which are addressed by the groom to the bride who comes to him. It was understood that a girl's marriage, which has same significance for her that the upanayana has for a boy, must be performed when she is seven years old
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